Roughing machine



10, 1963 H, scHwABE 3,113,446

ROUGHING MACHINE Filed March 28. 1961 United States Patent O 3,113,446 RUGHEG MAQHDJE Herman Schwabe, 43d West End Ave., New York, N

Filed Mar. 28, 1961, Ser. No. 93,952 Claims. (Cl. 69-65) This invention relates to shoe machines, especially roughing machines, and more particularly to such machines for roughing the inturned edge of a shoe upper prior to cementing an outsole thereto.

In making shoes the edge of an upper is drawn around an insole on a last, and cemented or otherwise secured thereto. An outsole is subsequently cemented to the upper and insole. This may or may not be followed by stitching, there being a trend ltoward cemented shoes without welt stitching, made possible by the new highly effective cements.

Before cementing an outsole to the folded-over edge of the upper -the latter is preferably roughened as a preliminary to the cementing operation. Many machines have already been devised for this roughing operation, but they have not proved wholly satisfactory, and the general object of the present invention is lto improve such roughing machines.

Some machines have used a flat disc, which has the advantage of large area contact, but the disadvantage that part of the abrasive disc pulls the upper outward away from the insole. Some machines have employed the periphery of an abrasive cylinder mounted -with its axis extending in the direction of movement of the shoe. 'Ihis has the advantage of pulling the upper inward, as desired, but it has the disadvantage that there is only a line contact instead of an area contact.

One primary object of the present invention is to overcome the foregoing difficulties, and to provide a roughing machine which urges the upper inward, and yet provides increased area of contact. Further and more detailed objects are to provide appropriate guide and support means for the shoe being worked on, and Ito combine the same with appropriate suction means for the removal of abrasive :and leather particles set free during the roughing operation.

To accomplish the foregoing general objects, and other more specific objects which will hereinafter appear, my invention resides in the roughing machine elements and their relation one to another, as are hereinafter more particularly described in the following specification. The specification is accompanied by a dhawing in which:

FIG. 1 is a vertical elevation of a machine embodying features of my invention;

FIG. 2 is a `fragmentary vertical section taken through the tool shaft, in the direction of the arrows 2 2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a perspective view looking upwardly toward the tool of the machine;

FIG. 4 is ra simplified plan view explanatory of the invention; and

FIGS. 5 and 6 are fragmentary schematic sections through prior and present machines for purposes of contrast.

Referring to the drawing, and more particularly to FIG. 2, the machine comprises a shaft 12 disposed at a small angle to the vertical, in a vertical plane parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, as indicated by Ithe arrow 14. The angle is about l5 degrees. A roughing tool 16 is secured at the lower end of the shaft 12, and this tool has a frusto conical abrasive surface 18. The cone angle, indicated at A, matches the angle of the shaft -to the vertical, so that the working surface, in this case the right hand side 18 of the tool, is horizontal. The shaft 12 is driven by a motor, and in FIGS. l and 3 it will be seen that the motor 2t) is most simply located directly 'above the tool, with the motor shaft at the same angle as the tool shaft, and being preferably a direct continuation of the same.

Referring to FIGS. 4 and 6, the motor -drives the tool in proper direction for the working surface to move inward of the shoe held thereagainst, as shown by the rarrows. Thus the abrasive action of the shoe tends to improve rather than disturb the Ilasting of the upper 22 about the insole 24 and the last 26.

The machine additionally includes a guide 30 (FIGS. 1 and 3) disposed beneath the tool and laterally offset somewhat from the aforesaid vertical plane containing the axis of the shaft 12. In the present case the guide 30 is a freely rotatable wheel, and its working side is offset rear-ward about half the width of the inturned upper, in order to locate the folded-over edge of the upper astride the vertical plane of the motor axis. This preferred location of the shoe relative to the -tool and shaft axis will be clear from inspection of FIGS. 4 and 6 of the drawing, although the guide itself has been omitted in these figures.

The location of the guide Sii is preferably made adjustable. In the present oase the guide is located at the upper end of an arm 32 (FIGS. 1 and 3) pivoted at 34. The position of the arm is adjustable by means of a screw 36, the inner end of which is threadedly received in the depending part 38 of a bracket 49. The lower end of the arm is held between the head of the screw on one side and a lock nut on the opposite side. In this way the guide may be moved toward or away from the center of the tool.

The height of .the tool is also adjustable by raising or lowering the bracket 4G, its mounting bolts 42 being received in vertical slots y44, as is best shown in FIG. 3.

The machine is completed by a suction hood Sil, best shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 of the drawing. This hood partly encloses the raised or non-working side of the tool 16, as is best shown in FIG. 2. The hood is connected to a suction fan or blower 52 (FIG. '1) by means of a exible pipe or hose 54. The blower is driven by a motor 56, and its outlet 58 is connected to a porous fabric bag (not shown) to hold the abrasive and leather particles, as is customary in this art.

Reverting to FIG. 2 :the suction hood 50` preferably extends beneath the raised side of the tool, as shown at 60, in order to safely protect a shoe against any accidental contact with that side of the tool. The raised side moves outward, and thus its engagement with a shoe would tend to spoil rather than help the lasting or stretching of the upper about the insole. If desired the edge of the bottom 6d may be extended substantially to the center of the tool, in which case the edge is preferably tapered or feathered, as shown. Moreover, the bottom 60` of the hood is preferably mounted at such a height as to provide an additional guide surface against which the shoe may be held upward to steady the shoe as it is being Toughened. For this purpose the bottom of the hood is mounted only slightly higher than the working surface 13 of the tool.

The pedestal and motor arrangement here shown may be like that disclosed in my earlier Patent 2,741,073 issued April 10, 1956 and entitled Shoe Upper Roughing Machine. However -in that machine the motor shaft is vertical, and the abrasive surface is a flat disc, with the disadvantage that part of the abrasive surface is moving outward relative to the shoe.

The motor 2b (FIG. l) is xedly mounted on an overhanginig arm 62 `at the upper end of an upright pedestal 64. The arm 62. may be provided with a cylindrical portion 66 which is telescopically related to the pedestal 64 so that the height of the tool may be adjusted for the comfort and convenience of the operator. The adjustment is locked by appropriate bolts 68. The f aiiwis mounted on pedestal 64 by means of a bracket 7i), and height adjustment of arm 62 is accommodated by the flexibility of the suction hose Sd and the electric cable 72. The latter leads to a switch box 74, and the switch therein preferably controls the fan motor 56 as well as the driving motor 20. t

When using the periphery of an abrasive cylinder, a in some prior machines, the rubbing action may be kept inwardly directed, as shown in FIG. 5, but in such case the cylinder engages the leather at only a line contact at 76, the said line extending parallel to the cylinder axis or perpendicular to the paper. This may be contrasted with the showing in FIG. 6, which is a similar vertical section through the tool 16 of the present machine. Because of the flat lconical shape, the curved abrasive surface i8 presented to the leather is comparatively flat. ln theory it might be urged that there again is only a line contact at the point 78, with the line running perpendicular to the paper. However, in practise the leather materials yield slightly under pressure, and when the curvature is very flat, the practical result is abrasion over a substantial area instead of a Very limited narrow line.

Diiferently expressed, the result in the present device is somewhat as though one were using a cylinder as in FIG. 5, but of exceedingly large diameter. iowever, in this type of machine it is not feasible to use a large diameter wheel, for a large wheel would prevent close access to and observation of the work being done. In the present machine the abrasive tool is less than three inches in diameter, but the curvature corresponds to that of a wheel much larger in diameter. It is not overlooked that the theoretical curvature when intersecting a cone is that of a hyperbola rather than a circle, and that the hyperbola near the edge differs from that near the center, but that is unimportant compared to the gain in atness.

In preferred #form the tool is made of solid material as shown in FIG. 2, with the rasp teeth struck from the surface metal thereof. The provision of rasp teeth on tools of other shape is already known, and similar procedure may be followed to provide the teeth here. However, the abrasive need not necessarily be of the rasp type, and in theory the abrasive surface might be sandpaper, emery cloth, wire brush, coarse emery wheel, or other such material, provided that the abrasive surface can be made in the form of a relatively flat cone or frusto cone as here illustrated.

In preferred form the tool axis is tilted, and the abrasive surface is horizontal, but it will be understood that these positions are relative rather than absolute. It is most convenient to tilt the tool shaft so that the abrasive surface is horizontal, but the tool shaft could be left vertical and the shoe then moved in a path sloping a corresponding amount from horizontal. It is merely as though the entire machine were bodily changed in position, with the operator adapting himself to that change, but without a change in the relative disposition of the tool, the guide wheel, the hood, and the shoe, that is, relative to one another.

Reference has been made to roughing the inturned edge of a shoe upper as folded about an insole. This is not `intended toV exclude -a platform type shoe in which the inturned edge of the plat-form edge cover may be roughened before cementing an outsole to the platform.

It is believed that the construction and method of use of my improved roughing machine, as well as the advantages thereof, will be apparent from the foregoing detailed description. It will also be apparent that while I have shown and described my invention in a preferred form, `changes may be made in the structure shown without departing from the scope of the invention as sought to be defined in the following claims. In the claims the reference to vertical and horizontal is intended to be relative rather than absolute, as above explained.

I claim: Y t

1. A roughing machine for roughing the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a fixed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide mounted on said machine for guiding a shoe as it is moved relative to said tool, and a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held against the guide and held upwardly against the working surface of the tool.

2. A roughing machine for the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a fixed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical roughly abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide beneath the tool and olfset somewhat from the aforesaid vertical plane containing the axis of the shaft in order to locate the inturned edge of a shoe upper astride the said vertical plane, and a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held laterally against the guide and upwardly against the working surface of the tool.

3. A roughing machine for roughing the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a xed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide mounted on said machine for guiding a shoe as it is moved relative to said tool, a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held against the guide and held upwardly against the work'mg surface of the tool, a suction hood partly enclosing the raised or non-working side of the tool, and a suction fan connected to said hood.

4. A roughing machine for the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a fixed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lowerend of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical roughly abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide beneath the tool and offset somewhat from the aforesaid vertical plane containing the axis oi' the shaft in order to locate the inturned edge of a shoe upper astride the said vertical plane, a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held laterally against the guide and upwardly against the working surface of the tool, a suction hood partly enclosing the raised or non-working side of the tool, and a lsuction fan connected to said hood.

5. A roughing machine for roughing the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a xed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide mounted on said machine for guiding a shoe as it is moved relative to said tool, a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held against the guide and held upwardly against the working surface of the tool, a suction hood partly enclosing the raised or non-working side of the tool, and a suction fan connected to said hood, the bottom of the hood being xedly mounted at such height as to provide an additional bearing and guide surface against which the shoe may be held upward as it is being roughened.

6. A roughing machine for the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a fixed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical roughly abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide beneath the tool and offset somewhat from the aforesaid vertical plane containing the axis of the shaft in order to locate the inturned edge of a shoe upper astride the said vertical plane, a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held laterally against the guide and upwardly against the working surface of the tool, a suction hood partly enclosing the raised or non-working side of the tool, and a suction fan connected to said hood, the bottom of the hood being fixedly mounted at such height as to provide an additional bearing and guide surface against which the shoe may be held upward as it is being roughened.

7. A roughing machine for roughing the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a xed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide mounted on said machine for guiding a shoe as it is moved relative to said tool, a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held against the guide and held upwardly against the working surface of the tool, a suction hood partly enclosing the raised or non-working side of the tool, and a suction fan connected to said hood, the bottom of the hood extending beneath the raised side of the tool to protect a shoe against contact with that side of the tool.

8. A roughing machine for the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a fixed Vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical roughly abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide beneath the tool and offset somewhat from the aforesaid vertical plane containing the axis of the shaft in order to locate the inturned edge of a shoe upper astride the said vertical plane, a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held laterally against the guide and upwardly against the working surface of the tool, a suction hood partly enclosing the raised or non-Working side of the tool, and a suction fan connected to said hood, the bottom of the hood extending beneath the raised side of the tool to protect a shoe against contact with that side of the tool.

9. A roughing machine for roughing the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the vertical in a xed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide mounted on said machine for guiding a shoe as it is moved relative to said tool, a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held against the guide and held upwardly against the working surface of the tool, a suction hood partly enclosing the raised or non-working side of the tool, and a suction fan connected to said hood, the bottom of the hood having a feathered edge and extending beneath the raised side of the tool to protect a shoe :against contact with that side of the tool, and being xedly mounted at such height as to provide an additional bearing and guide surface against which the shoe may be held upward as it is being roughened.

10. A roughing machine for the inturned edge of a shoe upper, said machine comprising a shaft disposed at a small angle to the Vertical in a fixed vertical plane approximately parallel to the direction of movement of the shoe to be roughened, a roughing tool secured at the lower end of said shaft, said tool having a frusto-conical roughly abrasive roughing surface, the cone angle matching that of the shaft so that the working surface of the tool is horizontal, a guide beneath the tool and offset somewhat from the vertical plane containing the axis of the shaft in order to locate the inturned edge of a shoe upper astride the said vertical plane, a motor for driving the shaft and tool in proper direction for the Working surface to move continuously inward of a shoe held laterally against the guide and upwardly against the working surface of the tool, a suction hood partly enclosing the raised or non-working side of the tool, and a suction fan connected to said hood, the bottom of the hood having a feathered edge and extending beneath the raised side of the tool to protect a shoe against contact with that side of the tool, and being iixedly mounted at such height as to provide an additional bearing and guide surface against which the shoe may be held upward as it is being roughened.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,871,123 Laabs Aug. 9, 1932 1,982,592 Dobyne Nov. 27, 1934 2,007,949 Lauretti July 9, 1935 2,128,768 Dyer Aug. 30, 1938 2,258,698 Brostrom Oct. 14, 1941 2,299,678 Boynton Oct. 20, 1942 2,328,609 Brostrom Sept. 7, 1943 2,544,880 Hindle et al Mar. 13, 1951 2,741,073 Schwabe Apr. 10, 1956 2,819,570 Tocci-Guilbert Jan. 14, 1958 

1. A ROUGHING MACHINE FOR ROUGHING THE INTURNED EDGE OF A SHOE UPPER, SAID MACHINE COMPRISING A SHAFT DISPOSED AT A SMALL ANGLE TO THE VERTICAL IN A FIXED VERTICAL PLANE APPROXIMATELY PARALLEL TO THE DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT OF THE SHOE TO BE ROUGHENED, A ROUGHING TOOL SECURED AT THE LOWER END OF SAID SHAFT, SAID TOOL HAVING A FRUSTO-CONICAL ABRASIVE ROUGHING SURFACE, THE CONE ANGLE MATCHING THAT OF THE SHAFT SO THAT THE WORKING SURFACE OF THE TOOL IS HORIZONTAL, A GUIDE MOUNTED ON SAID MACHINE FOR GUIDING 